Critical evaluation of George Homans' methodological individualism in the formulation of social exchange theory based on the fundamental methodology model

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran

2 Master of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Faculty Member at Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran

Abstract

George Homans' perspective as a sociologist is categorized in the micro-approaches of sociology.He explains social phenomena objectively And Paying attention to the individual and explanation based on individual interest is the main issue in Homans' approachRational choice theory, social behaviorism and Skinner as a scientist are among the influencers in the formation of Homans' social exchange theory.He believes that the general rules of sociology are ineffective in explaining behavior.For this reason, he believes in the objective explanation of behavior.by objective explanation he means the daily and basic behavior of people in life, which is unmediated and immediately ends in reward. Homans criticizes structuralists for believing in the use of organizations and institutions in maintaining society. After Homans, Peter Blau fundamentally changed the exchange theory and moved it towards accepting social realities and analyzing social institutions and organizations.With help from fundamental analysis method, which is based on Islamic wisdom, it is clear that Homans' method is materialistic in existential discussion and positivist and empiricist in epistemology.

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