A study of the historical evolution of the humanistic movement of the Quran in contemporary thought in the Indian subcontinent

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Theology, Farabi College, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Farabi College, University of Tehran

3 Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

4 PhD student in Islamic Studies (Quran and Hadith Studies), Farabi College, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The doubt about the humanity of the Holy Quran is one of the fundamental challenges in the field of contemporary Quranic studies, which has taken a systematic form in the Indian subcontinent. Studies show that this intellectual movement has reached maturity in three stages: In the formative stage, Shah Waliullah Dehlavi laid the initial foundations by emphasizing semantic revelation and visionary revelation. In the consolidation stage, Syed Ahmad Khan developed this discourse with extreme rationalism and a nature-based reading of religion, Iqbal Lahori with an empiricist reading of revelation, and Ghulam Ahmad Parvez with the earthlyization of Quranic concepts. Finally, in the culminating stage, Fazlur Rehman systematized this approach by presenting the "two-movement theory". The result of this process was to create an epistemological gap with the previous interpretive tradition and strengthen the idea of ​​the humanity of the Quran. This study, using a historical-analytical method, examines the process of evolution of this thought in the Indian subcontinent. The research findings show that this intellectual movement has led to the formation of a systematic theory on the humanism of the Quran and has had significant consequences in the field of Islamic interpretation and theology.

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