نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار جامعة المصطفی العالمیة
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Moral realism is a meta-ethical debate and is very influential in the field of ontology of moral judgments and in understanding theories. In order to distinguish between realism and non-realism, theories are distinguished in the field of value. In this article, we classify the contemporary theories regarding religious government in terms of realism and non-realism. The importance of the issue is that, firstly, the confusion of ideas such as jurisprudence and secular ideas is avoided, and secondly, the essentials of each idea are recognized from the other. Few researches have discussed the theories of theocracy from this point of view. The views regarding the government structure can be divided into three categories: realist, unrealistic and dualist. Theories such as pure contractualism are unrealistic, and theories that present a secular interpretation of religious democracy, such as the argument on the distinction between universal beliefs and personal beliefs, or the theory of Islamic democratic government, and other similar theories are dualistic. Shiite jurists, despite the difference in interpretations and differences of views in the field of religious governance, are all realists. Those who believe in absolute velayat or limited velayat, those who believe in hasbiyyah matters or non-hasbiyyah matters, those who believe based on al-faragh region or any other jurisprudential point of view have spoken based on realism. Therefore, according to the jurists' point of view, firstly, democracy has nothing to do with pure contractualism or dualism; Secondly, the rulings of Sharia are subject to real benefits and corruptions; Thirdly, God's commandments are a reliable source for understanding real values and recognizing real advantages and disadvantages; Fourth, people's opinion will be a matter of value in order to have a real effect on real materials; Fifth, the role of the individual will of the rulers or the will of the people is not the source of value, and in a sense, it is unrealism and incorrect individual and social relativism; Sixth, the evaluation criterion of all rulings, including the rulers' vote and the people's will, is a real criterion; Finally, people will be the owners of rights and obligations based on the true criteria of Mukhtar.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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